在10g以后，一般情况下环境变量中没有必要设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH，但是一旦将ORACLE_HOME迁移到其他目录，则环境变量中还需要添加这个变量。
Linux和Unix支持TAR方式迁移ORACLE_HOME，如果有需要将ORACLE_HOME放到其他路径下，那么一般都会使用tar的方式将整个路径拷贝到目标目录。
但是迁移后，如果直接尝试sqlplus启动，可能报错：
[orat3@hpserver2 ~]$ sqlplus / AS sysdba sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot OPEN shared object file: No such file OR directory |
而设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH后，问题解决：
[orat3@hpserver2 ~]$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib [orat3@hpserver2 ~]$ sqlplus / AS sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production ON Sun Mar 18 16:10:57 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. ALL Rights Reserved. Connected TO: Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production WITH the Partitioning, OLAP, DATA Mining AND REAL Application Testing options SQL> |
还有一种类似的错误：
[orat0@hpserver2 ~]$ sqlplus / AS sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production ON Sun Mar 18 16:12:03 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. ALL Rights Reserved. oracleorcl10g: error while loading shared libraries: libskgxp10.so: cannot OPEN shared object file: No such file OR directory ERROR: ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact Enter user-name: oracleorcl10g: error while loading shared libraries: libskgxp10.so: cannot OPEN shared object file: No such file OR directory ERROR: ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact Enter user-name: oracleorcl10g: error while loading shared libraries: libskgxp10.so: cannot OPEN shared object file: No such file OR directory ERROR: ORA-12547: TNS:lost contact SP2-0157: unable TO CONNECT TO ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus [orat0@hpserver2 ~]$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib [orat0@hpserver2 ~]$ sqlplus / AS sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production ON Sun Mar 18 16:12:18 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. ALL Rights Reserved. Connected TO: Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production WITH the Partitioning, OLAP, DATA Mining AND REAL Application Testing options SQL> |
错误的表相虽然不同，但是解决方法是相同的。